Statements about K and Cl: (1) Atomic radius K > Cl; (2) First IE of K > Cl; (3) Ionic radius K⁺ > Cl⁻. Which are correct?
Comparing properties of K and Cl
K has larger atomic radius (more shells); but K⁺(19p) is smaller than Cl⁻(17p) as both have 18e
Among Al, Al⁺, Al²⁺ and Al³⁺, which has the highest ionization energy?
Comparing ionization energies of Al species
Al³⁺ has the fewest electrons; next removal requires breaking into inner noble gas shell
Which among the following is incorrect when Na is converted to Na⁺?
Changes when Na loses an electron
Na⁺ loses one electron: it has 10 electrons and 11 protons (not 11 electrons)
For sulfur, which pair of ionisation energies has the largest difference between them?
Large jump in successive ionization energies of S
S is in group 16 with 6 valence electrons; the 7th IE requires breaking into inner shell
The correct order of decreasing first ionization energy is
Order of first ionization energies of Li, Be, B, C
Be (filled 2s) > B (2p electron easier to remove); general increase across period with exceptions
Maximum energy is required for
Identifying the process requiring maximum ionization energy
Ca²⁺ = [Ar]; removing a 3rd electron breaks the noble gas configuration
