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3.2 Ionic Bonding
BySubarnam8. Ionic Bonding — A Level Chemistry 🎯 Learning Outcomes Candidates should be able to: Define ionic bonding. Describe ionic bonding, using the examples of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride and calcium fluoride, including the use of ‘dot-and-cross’ diagrams. 1 What Is Ionic Bonding? ▾ An ionic bond is the strong electrostatic attraction between positively charged…
15.2 Aromatic Nitrocompounds
BySubarnam15.2 Nitrobenzene 🎯 Learning outcomes After completion of the chapter, students should be able to: Show preparation of nitrobenzene from benzene. State physical properties of nitrobenzene. Explain chemical properties of nitrobenzene, i.e. reduction in different media and electrophilic substitution reactions (nitration, sulphonation & bromination). State important uses of nitro compounds. ⚗️ Preparation of Nitrobenzene ▼…
2. Ionic equilibrium
BySubarnamIonic Equilibrium | NEB Chemistry Notes 🎯 Learning Outcomes By the end of the chapter, students should be able to: State and explain different concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry, and Lewis). Explain the limitations of the Arrhenius concepts of acids and bases. Define conjugate acids and conjugate bases. Identify conjugate acid-base pairs of…
1. Foundation and Fundamentals of Chemistry
BySubarnam🎯 Learning Outcomes By the end of this chapter, students should be able to: Define chemistry, matter, and other key terms of chemistry Recognise the importance and scope of chemistry Explain atom, molecule, radicals, valency, molecular formula, and empirical formula Recall simple ions with their name, formula, valency, and charges Write the molecular formula of…
14.2 Derivatives of Carboxylic Acid
BySubarnamDerivatives of Carboxylic Acids — NEB Grade 12 Chemistry 🎯 Learning Outcomes Show the preparation of acid derivatives from carboxylic acids. Explain the comparative physical properties of acid derivatives. Explain the comparative chemical properties of acid derivatives (hydrolysis, ammonolysis, amines–RNH2, alcoholysis, and reduction only). Claisen condensation and Hofmann bromamide reaction. Describe the amphoteric nature of…
15. Aromatic Hydrocarbons
BySubarnamAromatic Hydrocarbons 🎯 Learning outcomes By the end of this chapter, Students should be able to: Introduction and characteristics of aromatic compounds Hückel’s rule of aromaticity Kekule structure of benzene Resonance and isomerism Preparation of benzene from decarboxylation of Sodium benzoate, Phenol, and Ethyne only Physical properties of Benzene Chemical properties of benzene: Addition reaction:…